T t j t’fillin — black leather boxes containing scrolls of Scripture passages, also called phylacteries. Sometimes during prayers one box is affixed to one’s hand and arm and the other to one’s forehead as a physical effort to obey the passage in Deuteronomy 6:8 (Exodus 13:1-16; Deuteronomy 6:4-9; 11:13-21) ta’am ha’elyon — the “upper” mode of cantilation of the passage of the Ten Commandments ta’anug — evil pleasure ta’anugot — evil pleasures ta’avah — evil desire/lust ta’avot — lusts Taanit — a section of the Talmud on Fasts … a fast day aaanit chalom — a fast over a bad dream taavah — lust tachanun — a prayer of supplication tacharut — competition tachlis — purpose tachrichim (alt. tachrichin) — burial shrouds tachtiy — the depths (figuratively a pit, the womb) — low (parts, -er, -er parts, -est), nether (part) tag — ornamental flourish or “tittle” taharah — ritual purification of the deceased in preparation for burial … washing of the dead body tahor — ritually pure or clean … able to enter the Beit HaMikdash or Mishkan takhrikhim — shrouds prescribed by Jewish law takhmos — night-hawk takif — influential man Tal — (Dew) The prayer for dew (in Eretz Yisrael) recited on first day of Passover tallit — prayer shawl with ceremonial fringes on four corners (alt. talit, talis) tallit katan (alt. talit) — a small prayer shawl; a special undershirt with four corners each bearing tzitziyot talmid — disciple, student (fem. talmidah; pl. talmidim); a true talmid does not only want to know what the teacher knows, he/she wants to be what the teacher is. talmid chacham — a scholar of the Torah Talmud —the two commentaries on the Mishnah, one produced in the Holy Land about AD 275, the other in Babylonia about AD 500; the designation for both the Mishnah and the commentaries on it (Gemara). The Talmud is the collected legal and ethical discussions of the rabbis. tam’ei — (alt. tameh, tameis, tamei) ritually impure or unclean (specifically by virtue of contact with the dead), not able to enter the able to enter the Beit HaMikdash or Mishkan tamid — the daily sacrifice in the Sanctuary tamim — faultless Tammuz — tenth month on the Jewish civil calendar tana — rabbi in the Mishnaic period (pl. tannaim, alt. tana’im) Tanach — Tenach tanshemet — horned owl Targum — (Translation) Traditionally the name given the Aramaic translation of the Bible, read to the populace in Babylonian periods. The custom of reading services in Aramaic following the Hebrew goes back to hundreds of years before the great diaspora. Except for some interpolations and paraphrases, the Targum Bavli, also known as the Targum Onkelos, is a very faithful translation. Less faithful to the text are the Targum Yerushalmi and others of fragmentary character (pl. Targumim) tarnegol — cock Tashlich — traditional Rosh haShanah afternoon ceremony in which individuals symbolically cast their sins (crumbs) into a body of water … the casting away of sin tata — papa tav — mark tavnit — pattern; copy techinnah — petition; supplication techiyah — resurrection tefillah — (alt. tefilah) lit. prayer; also refers to the central group of prayers in each service, alternatively called the Amidah or Shemoneh Esre (pl. tefillos, tefillot) Tefillah Zakah — (alt. Tefilah) “a prayer of purity” recited upon the advent of Yom Kippur before Kol Nidrey tefillin — (alt. tefilin) black square leather boxes containing parchments with sections of the Torah (Shma etc.). Jewish men are obligated to wear them the forehead and arm during prayers every morning. (Of course if one sees the sunrise 45 times a day as an astronaut might, this may create problems.) Tehillim — Psalms tehom — abyss tehom gedolah — a great abyss; chasm tehorah — pure tehorim — clean Teki’ah — a shofar sound tekufa — era; period Tekufah — one of the four seasons of the year (pl. Tekufot) tekumah — revival telos — the point aimed at as a limit, i.e. (by implication) the conclusion of an act or state (termination, result, purpose); specifically an impost or levy (as paid) — continual, custom, end (-ing), finally, uttermost telunnah — murmuring tema’im — unclean temarim — palms Tenakh — (alt. Tanach, Tenach) the Hebrew Bible, consisting of Torah, Prophets, and Writings … an acronym formed from the initial letters of the Hebrew Torah, Nevi’im, Ketuvim teretz — excuse Teruah — an awakening blast on the Shofar terumah — contribution terumah haissa — portion; offering of the dough terutz — excuse teshukot — desires teshuvah — (alt. teshuva) lit. turning or returning; repentance … repentance from sin, spiritual reawakening … desire to strengthen the connection between oneself and the sacred … turning toward G‑d Tetragrammaton — the four Hebrew letters hwhy usually transliterated YHWH or YHVH that form a biblical proper name of G‑d Tetzaveh — a portion in the Book of Exodus teva — ark teva — nature tevel — world Tevet — fourth month of the Jewish year tevilah — lit. immersion … immersing in a ritual bath. Therapeutae — sternly ascetic Jewish party whose views and practices were kindred to the Essenes in Palestine tevunah — wisdom tief — deep and profound; erudite; keen tiferet — splendor; beauty tihur — purification tikkun — restoration; repair Tikkun Chatzot — (alt. Tikun) a prayer of lamentation over the destruction of the Sanctuary, recited at midnight Tikkun Leil Shavuot — (alt. Tikun) lit. service of the night of Shavuot tikkun olam (alt. tikun) — repairing our broken world Tikkun Soferim (alt. Tikun) (alt. Sofrim) — the set of rules for the writing of a Torah Scroll tikvah — hope tikvateinu — our hope timtum halev — hardening of the heart tipesh — idiot tipshus — foolery tipus — type; pattern tish — table Tishah Be’av — The ninth day of the month of Av; a day of mourning for the destruction of the ancient Temple in Jerusalem tishen — tables Tishri (alt. Tishrei) (Ethanim) — first month of the Hebrew civil calendar (September-October) Titkabel — a verse in the kadish, “Let the prayers of Israel be accepted.” tizkoret — reminder to’evah — abomination tochnit — master plan todah — thanks, thank you, the thanksgiving offering in the Sanctuary toeva — abomination tohorah — purification tohorat mishpakhah — family purity tohu vavohu — disorder; chaos tohuw — to lie waste; a desolation (of surface), i.e. desert; figuratively a worthless thing; in vain — confusion, empty place, without form, nothing, (thing of) nought, vain, vanity, waste, wilderness toitzaa — outcome tokhechah — reproof toldah — (alt. towledah) descent, i.e. family; (figuratively) history — birth, generations toldot — genealogies
Torah — teaching or instruction, but usually erroneously
translated “law” … the instruction of G‑d. Torah-observant — walking in yielded obedience to the teaching of the Scriptures; in traditional Judaism this includes obeying the complex instructions of the Talmud as well. torud — completely absorbed and involved Tosefta (alt. Tocefta) — (Supplement) Anthology of tannaitic text parallel to Mishnah, but outside Mishnaic canon, and more expansive. Rabbi Nehemiah, second century, began the work; in the third century it was continued by Hiyya ben Abba and Oshaiah tous ritztzuy — reconciliation tov — good tov l’teshuva — fruit worthy of repentance tovim — good ones tovot — good things toyus — error treif — (alt. trefah) lit. torn apart; food that is not ritually fit … the opposite of kosher trombeniks — gluttons Tru’ah — a shofar sound Trumah — a heave offering, contribution … the seventh portion in the Book of Exodus Trumpets, Feast of — the modern Rosh Ha-Shanah, the first day of Tishri, the seventh month of the Jewish calendar, celebrated (unbiblically) as the Jewish New Year tsaphoon — hidden tsemach xmc — branch tshuka — yearning tsur — rock Tu Bishvat — fifteenth day of the month of Shevat; a minor holiday known as the New Year of the Trees, observed by planting trees tugah — sadness tum’a — uncleanness; impurity tza’ar — pain and suffering tzad — side tzaddik — righteous man Tzaddik (alt. Tzadik) — Chasidic sages were so called; they were often raised by their followers to the status of direct intermediaries with G‑d, super-human miracle workers … a just man, righteous, upright (pl. Tzaddikim, alt. Tzadikim) tzaddikim — righteous ones tzafon — north Tzafun — the phase of the Seder ceremony in which the hidden afikoman is eaten tzar — narrow tzarah — trouble Tzarah Gedolah — Great Tribulation tzarut ayin — envyings tzavva’a — will tzechok — laughter tzedakah — contribution tzedakah — (alt. tsedakah) lit. justice or righteousness; the Hebrew word we use for charity and charitable acts tzedek — righteousness Tzedokim — (alt. Tzedukim) Sadducees — Religio-political sect of Judaism in the late Second Temple period that focused on priestly functions and the sacrificial system … their views and practices were opposed to those of the Pharisees. They denied the authority of oral tradition, the resurrection of the dead, and the existence of angels. tzelamim — idols tzelem — image tzevi’ut — hypocrisy tzevua — (pl. tzevuim) hypocrite tzfarde’im — frogs tzidkat — righteousness Tzidkatcha Tzedek — verses recited after the minchah prayer on Shabbat Tziduk Hadin — a prayer of accepting G‑d’s Judgment tzitzis — (alt. tzitzit) ceremonially knotted fringes to be worn on all four-cornered garments (pl. Tzitziyot) tzive’ot zarim — armies of the aliens tziveot haparashim — troops of cavalry-men tznius — modesty tzom; tzomot — fast; fastings tzon — flock tzorich iyun — unresolved puzzlement tzoros — troubles tzufloigen — dazed tzufriedenkait — contentment tzushtel — comparison Use this
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